Generic Product Lifecycle Model: A Holistic and Adaptable Approach for Multi-Disciplinary Product–Service Systems

The linear economic model behind contemporary product lifecycle representations contradicts planetary boundaries and the idea of sustainability. At same time, Circular Economy (CE) driven models lack consideration profound technological insights. Based on observations in research application projects different industries, a quantitative qualitative literature analysis is applied to identify both strengths shortcomings current models. These findings are used create portfolios derive generic Product Lifecycle (gPLC). gPLC validated by three industrial cases based collaborative projects. In practice, resource energy consumption as well waste production emissions can be minimized with help established methods not only economists, but also engineers. Transparency material information circularity practically implies opportunity implement, for instance, Minimum Viable Products DevOps approaches. originality characterized main aspects: first, flows multi-disciplinary product–service systems recognized foundation modern CE; second, differentiation between classes instances elaborated stimulate sustainable design core products digital CE business models; third, stakeholder perspective expanded from manufacturer consumer/user further perspectives, such recycler society.